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Jakarta, Armfalcon.com – For those of you who are Muslim, zakat mal is one of the five main obligations that must be fulfilled. This obligatory expenditure is generally paid in the month of Ramadan, because there are multiple rewards that can be obtained in this month full of blessings. However, zakat payments can be made at any time.
Reporting from the website of the National Amil Zakat Agency (Baznas), zakat mal is zakat that is imposed on all types of assets, which in terms of the substance or substance of the acquisition, do not conflict with religious provisions.
Examples are, money, gold, securities, professional income, and others. In essence, every asset that you have may be obliged to issue zakat if it meets the conditions.
So what are the provisions that make an asset mandatory for zakat? Here’s the review.
Requirements for obligatory zakat mal
Perfectly owned
Assets that must be zakat are assets that are fully owned, in the sense that these assets are 100% under the control and power of the owner, as a result the owner can take and use them in their entirety.
Halal
Apart from being under the control of the owner, the assets that must be zakat must also be obtained in a lawful way. An example is, from good business results, through an inheritance process that is in accordance with the provisions, and others.
Meanwhile, assets obtained by illegal means such as the proceeds of corruption, theft or robbery are clearly not subject to zakat. Such assets must be returned to their original owners.
Productive and growing potential
If the assets you have can grow in value, then these assets must be zakat. What is meant by developing are, for example, gold, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, deposits and other instruments that can generate capital gains or fixed income, or can also be the result of trading, agriculture, or livestock.
Reach nisab
Nisab is the minimum requirement for an asset to be categorized as an asset for which zakat is obligatory. The general nisab requirement is when the value or valuation of the property is equivalent to 85 grams of gold or 595 grams of silver.
Free from debt
If you have assets purchased through debt, then the total debt can reduce the amount of zakat obligatory assets. This is because the assets subject to zakat are assets that are under the full control of the owner.
When someone has debt, then he should have the obligation to settle his debts first.
One year ownership (haul)
Another condition for assets that must be zakat is when the property has been under the control of the owner for one Hijri year.
Also know that this 1 year requirement only applies to livestock, gold, money, traded property, and so on. Meanwhile, agricultural products, fruits, rikâz (found goods), and other assets that are analogous to these matters, such as professional zakat are not required to reach 1 year.
What assets are subject to zakat mal?
For more details, here is a list of assets that must be subject to zakat. There is also a calculation of the nisab and the amount of zakat for each period.
Zakat mal calculation method
It is not difficult to calculate the amount of zakat mal that you have to pay. As an illustration, Mr. X has rmutual funds worth 80 million. He also has savings worth 20 million. So, the total wealth of a similar value is 100 million. This means that the treasure has reached the nishab of 85 grams of gold.
Then the zakat that must be paid is IDR 100 million x 2.5% = IDR 2.5 million.
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source: www.cnbcindonesia.com
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